Gedan
Songzanlin Monastery, also called Guihua Monastery, is
the largest Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Yunnan province,
as well as one of the 13 large lamaseries in the Kangzang
region (the joint area of Tibet, Sichuan and Yunnan).
The
monastery is 5km from the seat of Zhongdian County. Construction
began in 1679 and was completed in 1681. It is said that
the Fifth Dalai Lama chose the site of the monastery through
divination and named it "Gedan Songzanlin Monastery".
In 1724, during the reign of Emperor Yongzheng in the
Qing Dynasty, the monastery was renamed the "Guihua
Monastery". During its time of greatest prosperity,
there were more than 3,000 monks in the temple.
Built
along the mountains with a magnificent facade, the present
monastery is a faithful imitation of the Potala Palace
in Lhasa, Tibet. Covering an area of 33.35 hectares, the
monastery has solid walls and five gates. Two main lamaseries,
Zhacang and Jikang, command the highest position in the
architectural complex. Also listed among the 13 large
lamaseries in Kangzang region, they are both Tibetan-style
watchtowers and are surrounded by eight sub-lamaseries
and the dormitories or the lamas.
A
five-story Tibetan-style building serves as the main hall
in this monastery. Seen from the distance, the gilded
copper stupa at the top of the structure and the gilded
copper tiles seem to shine eternally in the plateau sunlight.
The lower tier in this structure is supported by 108 giant
pillars,an auspicious number in Buddhism. The 16 colorful
pictures hanging high in the hall are said to have been
painted by renowned lamas with golden liquid given by
the Fifth Dalai Lama. Brightened with numerous butter-oil
lamps, the hall can hold 1,600 lamas sitting in meditation
or chanting the Buddhist scriptures.
The
monastery has many treasures. The most famous are the
eight gold-covered sculptures of Sakyamuni, fashioned
between the time of the Fifth and Seventh Dalai Lamas.
In the early Qing Dynasty, the rulers of Lijiang, the
Mu Family, presented the monastery with dozens of bronze
sculptures, the "Ganzur" scriptures hand-written
in liquid gold, scriptures written on pattra leaves, gold
lamps, and many exquisite gilded silver incense burners.
Every morning, noon and evening, the solemn tolling of
the bells and the sound of the drums from the bell and
drum towers can be heard several kilometers away.
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