The Museum of Chinese Agriculture, located in the National Agricultural Exhibition Center on the eastern section of the 3rd Ring Road, covers the history of ancient Chinese agricultural technology, contemporary agricultural resources and aquatic resources.

Exhibits in the Hall of the History of Ancient Chinese Agriculture Technology include Neolithic Age artifacts (a 6,900-year-old bone spade) and Han Dynasty iron hoe and sickle. The Hall of Agricultural Resources introduces crops, trees, wild animals and insects and tropical landscape. The aquariums in the Hall of Aquatic Resources present the famous carp of the Yellow River, chum salmon from the northeast ands sturgeon from Xinjiang.